Lithium ion batteries are most widely used as energy storage systems for electric vehicles because Li-ion batteries have high energy density, power density, higher cell voltage, and low self-discharge as compared to lead acid batteries, NiCd batteries.
It is the most common Li-ion cell used in electric vehicles. Cylindrical batteries mainly consist of a jelly roll including anode, separator, cathode, and a cap located on the top of the positive terminal.
The Li-ion cell’s jellyroll structure gives it good mechanical stability, long calendar life, and cycling ability. Cylindrical cells are easy to manufacture, are lower cost than other batteries, and can withstand high internal pressures due to their steel case.
In this type of cell, electrodes, active materials and other components are arranged in a prismatic or rectangular shape. There are two common configurations for prismatic cells: flat jelly rolls and stacked electrodes.